Abstract

Traditional arts and craft knowledge systems represent one of the most enduring dimensions of the Indian Knowledge Systems (IKS), reflecting centuries of accumulated indigenous wisdom, cultural values, ecological understanding, and artistic innovation. Beyond their aesthetic significance, these knowledge systems contribute to identity formation, sustainable resource management, rural livelihoods, and the preservation of India’s intangible cultural heritage. Despite their importance, globalization, industrialization, commercialization, and changing socio-economic conditions have threatened the continuity of many traditional artistic practices. This paper critically examines the role of traditional arts and craft knowledge systems within the broader framework of Indian Knowledge Systems and evaluates their contribution to cultural preservation and sustainable development. Adopting a qualitative conceptual review methodology based on scholarly literature, policy documents, and selected case studies—including Madhubani, Warli, Gond, Kalamkari, Pattachitra, Phulkari, Dhokra, Blue Pottery, and Channapatna toys—the study explores mechanisms of knowledge transmission, indigenous material practices, sustainability principles, and contemporary challenges. The paper proposes the Indian Knowledge Systems–Traditional Arts Sustainability Framework (IKS-TASF) to explain the relationship between traditional knowledge, cultural continuity, sustainable livelihoods, innovation, and national development. The findings suggest that integrating traditional knowledge into education, digital documentation, design innovation, and public policy can strengthen India’s creative economy while safeguarding its cultural heritage. The study concludes that traditional arts and craft knowledge systems remain dynamic knowledge traditions with significant potential to contribute to sustainable development and the vision of Viksit Bharat 2047.